The five senses w learn at school - sight, taste, smell, touch and hearing - were first listed by Aristotle, who while at times can be scintillating often made some deficient mistakes. (Eg. he taught that we thought with our hearts, that flies had only four legs and that bees came from rotting bull carcasses).
There are four more prevalent senses that we have
- Proprioception, from the Latin word proprius, meaning 'one's own' is the unconscious knowledge of where our body parts are, without the need to see or touch them as well as the knowledge of the strength of effort being employed in movement.
- Equilibrioception is the sense of balance. It's determined by the fluid containing cavities (such as the cochlea and semi-circular canals) found in the inner ear.
- Nociception is the acumen (feeling) of pain from the joints, skin and organs. Quaintly, the brain isn't apart of this sense; it has no nociceptors (pain receptors) at all. Regardless of how it may seem, headaches don't happen inside the brain.
- Thermoception is the sense of heat (or its absence) in our body. mammals have at least two receptors; one to detect heat (temperatures above body heat) and cold (temperatures below body heat).
Every contemptuous neurologist has their own opinion as to the correct number of senses that we have, whether more or less than the nine. Some argue that there are up to twenty one. Senses like hunger, thirst, depth, even the senses of meaning and language have been argued to be added to the list. A very fascinating one is synasthesia, where senses are combined to perceive, days of the week, or letters to give off a sense of emotion or colour!
There is also the sense of approaching danger (when your hair stands up), or even the sense of electricity.
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